KCL (Kirchhoff's Current Law) and KVL (Kirchhoff's Voltage Law) are two fundamental laws in the electrical circuit analysis. They were developed by Gustav Kirchhoff in the mid of 19th century and are widely used to analyze and solve electrical circuits.
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
KCL states that the sum of currents entering in a node (or junction) in an electrical circuit is equal to the sum of currents leaving that node. In other words, the total current flowing into a node is equal to the total current flowing out of that node or algebraic sum of current meting at any node is equal to zero . It is based on the principle of charge conservation. KCL is based on the principle that charge is neither created nor destroyed in a circuit. It is useful in analyzing current divider circuits, parallel circuits, and nodes where multiple current paths meet.
In the above circuit diagram in node the incoming current at node 'a' is I1 and outgoing current are I2 and I3
So According to KCL I1 = I2 + I3
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
KVL states that the algebraic sum of voltages around any closed loop (or mesh) in a circuit is equal to zero. KVL is based on the principle of energy conservation. It is useful in analyzing series circuits, loop equations in circuit analysis, and determining unknown voltages.
According to the law of KVL we get supply voltage V= V1 + V2 + V3 and V2 = V3
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